A5barimonjournal A5bari Mon Journal – Carole Arayess
تفتح بعض الدراسات نافذة على الفكر البشري النائم من خلال فك رموز ما يدور في الرأس
أثناء النوم , يقوي الدماغ الذاكرة ويساعد في إدارة العواطف. ولكن كيف؟ لمعرفة ذلك ,طور الباحثون طريقة بارعة للذكاء الاصطناعي قادرة على فك تشفير نشاطات مناطق عمل الدماغ أثناء النوم وماذا يفعلون. وكان هدفهم فهم, على وجه الخصوص, إلى أي مدى تلعب المشاعر الإيجابية دورًا في هذه العملية. اشتملت التجربة على وضع متطوعين في آلة التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي((IRM في وقت مبكر من المساء وجعلهم يلعبون لعبتي فيديو: واحدة حيث كان على المتطوعون, التعرف على الوجوه والأخرى عبارة عن متاهة ثلاثية الأبعاد. تتضمن كل مجموعة منطقة مختلفة من الدماغ ، والتي يسهل تمييزها في التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي. ثم نام المشاركون ساعة أو ساعتين في الجهاز.
أثناء النوم العميق ، يكتشف الحُصين ، وهو هيكل الفص الصدغي ، حقائق جديدة نشأت خلال النهار ويرسل هذه المعلومات التي قام بتخزينها مرة أخرى في القشرة الدماغية. ثم يبدأ الحوار الذي يساعد على تقوية الذاكرة عن طريق إعادة تشغيل أحداث اليوم وتقوية الارتباط بين الخلايا العصبية. لفهم هذه الظاهرة بشكل أفضل ، تم تسجيل نشاط دماغ المتطوعين أثناء نومهم عبر دمج مخطط كهربائية الدماغ (EEG) ، الذي يقيس حالات النوم ، والتصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي الوظيفي ، الذي يلتقط صورة لنشاط الدماغ كل ثانيتين ، ثم تم إستخدام وحدة فك الشيفرة العصبية لتحديد ما إذا كان نشاط الدماغ الذي لوحظ أثناء فترة اللعب عادت للظهور تلقائيًا خلال فترة النوم.
لكن الباحثين استخدموا حيلة لتمييز النتائج بشكل أفضل. لقد زوروا الألعاب. لذلك لم يتمكن كل مشارك من الفوز بإحدى المباراتين ، نصفهما لعب الوجوه والنصف الآخر المتاهة. ما لُحظ هو أن أنماط تنشيط الدماغ أثناء النوم العميق كانت مشابهة جدًا لتلك المسجلة خلال مرحلة القمار, ومن الواضح جدًا أن الدماغ استعاد اللعبة وانتصر ولم يخسر اللعبة عن طريق إعادة تنشيط المناطق المستخدمة للاستيقاظ. فبمجرد أن ينام الشخص، يتغير نشاط دماغه. وبالتدريج ، بدأ المتطوعون إعادة التفكير في اللعبتين ، ثم فازوا باللعبة بشكل حصري تقريبًا عندما دخلوا في نوم عميق .
هذا يثبت أن مهمة الفرز عبر آلاف المعلومات التي تتم معالجتها خلال اليوم تتم أثناء النوم العميق. هذا هو الوقت الذي يمكن فيه للدماغ ، الذي لم يعد يتلقى منبهات خارجية ، تقييم كل هذه الذكريات للاحتفاظ فقط بالأكثر فائدة.
استمرت التجربة: بعد يومين ، أجرى المتطوعون اختبارًا للذاكرة: التعرف على جميع الوجوه في اللعبة من جهة ، وإيجاد نقطة البداية للمتاهة من جهة أخرى. كلما تم تنشيط مناطق الدماغ أثناء النوم (وبالتالي فازت اللعبة) ، كانت الذكريات أفضل. وبالتالي ، فإن ربط المكافأة بالمعلومات يدفع الدماغ إلى حفظها بشكل دائم
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