Les déchets alimentaires représentent environ un quart du poids total de ta poubelle. Ce qui est énorme ! Compostons donc.
En récupérant certains déchets de cuisine et en les mélangeant aux déchets de jardin, on peut créer un compost naturel. Cela permet de réduire le poids de sa poubelle et d’éviter que ces déchets soient incinérés inutilement.
Compostons des déchets organiques, utiles au jardin.
Les déchets de cuisine et de jardin sont composés de matière organique biodégradable, végétale ou animale, qui se dégrade naturellement. Dans la nature, cette matière organique nourrit le sol. Elle favorise la croissance des plantes en se décomposant avec le temps.
Le fonctionnement du composteur
Dans un composteur ou un centre de compostage, le même principe naturel s’applique. Les déchets se transforment en compost. Ils se décomposent grâce à l’oxygène, à l’eau, aux micro-organismes
( bactéries, champignons) et à des insectes comme les lombrics.
Quels déchets compostons-nous ?
On peut composter : épluchures, fruits et légumes abîmés (crus ou cuits), thé, marc de café, coquilles d’œuf broyées.
En petite quantité, on ajoute : restes végétaux (pâtes, riz, purée sans sauce et pain sec émietté).
Côté jardin : mauvaises herbes sans graines, petites branches, paille, feuilles mortes, fleurs fanées, litière de rongeurs herbivores.
Aussi, en petite quantité : tontes de gazon, tailles de haies, sachets de thé, filtres à café, essuie-tout découpés.
La bonne proportion des déchets que nous compostons.
Il faut 50 % de déchets humides (fruits abîmés, épluchures, thé, marc de café, gazon…) pour nourrir les micro-organismes.
Et 50 % de déchets secs (carton, feuilles mortes, brindilles, paille, essuie-tout) pour bien aérer le compost.
Les bons gestes pour réussir.
Les déchets doivent être coupés en morceaux : plus ils sont petits, plus ils se décomposent rapidement dans le composteur. Dépose-les dans un bio-seau placé dans un coin ombragé du jardin, à l’abri du soleil direct.
L’entretien du compost.
Mélange régulièrement les déchets pour faire circuler l’air et éviter l’asphyxie des micro-organismes responsables de la décomposition. Surveille l’humidité : trop humide, le compost sent mauvais ; trop sec, il ne se décompose pas efficacement.
Un engrais 100 % naturel.
Quelques mois plus tard, les déchets sont transformés en compost riche et fertile, parfait pour nourrir le sol du jardin. Tu peux aussi l’utiliser pour fertiliser tes pots de fleurs : un engrais maison, 100 % naturel et gratuit !
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