Le cancer : comprendre, prévenir, agir.
Qu’est-ce que le cancer et comment naît-il ?
Tous les types de cancer prennent naissance dans nos cellules, organisées en tissus, organes et systèmes biologiques. Chaque cellule contient des gènes qui la guident dans son développement, sa fonction, sa division et sa mort.
Lorsque ces instructions deviennent défectueuses, les cellules se multiplient anormalement ou refusent de mourir comme elles le devraient.
Cette croissance désordonnée peut former une masse appelée tumeur, comme le montre le cancer dans sa trame explicative.
Tumeurs bénignes ou malignes : quelles différences ?
Certaines tumeurs sont bénignes, elles ne se propagent pas et restent localisées dans un seul endroit du corps humain. Elles peuvent grossir mais, une fois retirées, elles ne réapparaissent généralement pas et n’envahissent pas d’autres tissus.
D’autres tumeurs sont malignes. Ces dernières envahissent les tissus voisins et peuvent se propager dans tout l’organisme. Les cellules cancéreuses circulent alors dans le sang ou le système lymphatique, rendant la guérison plus complexe. Même après chirurgie, le cancer peut réapparaître si des cellules se sont déjà disséminées ailleurs dans le corps.
L’importance d’un diagnostic précoce pour le cancer.
Le cancer, s’il est détecté tôt, est plus facile à traiter et présente un risque réduit de propagation. Un cancer qui se propage à d’autres zones du corps est appelé cancer secondaire ou métastases, selon les cas médicaux.
L’enflure des ganglions lymphatiques est souvent l’un des premiers signes visibles d’un cancer avancé.
Le cou, les aisselles et l’aine sont des zones où ces ganglions peuvent signaler un problème cancéreux sous-jacent.
Les formes particulières de cancer.
Certains cancers ne forment pas de tumeurs solides, comme c’est le cas des leucémies et autres cancers du sang. Ces cellules anormales circulent dans le sang et s’accumulent dans la moelle osseuse sans former de masse visible.
Dès le diagnostic, ces cancers sont souvent déjà généralisés, rendant leur traitement plus complexe dès le départ. Cette maladie évoque également ces formes moins connues mais tout aussi redoutables.
Le rôle du système immunitaire dans la lutte.
Le système immunitaire protège l’organisme contre les agressions, maladies, infections et substances étrangères. Les anticorps sont des protéines qui attaquent spécifiquement les intrus comme les cellules cancéreuses ou agents pathogènes.
Un système immunitaire affaibli rend le corps plus vulnérable à la prolifération de cellules cancéreuses et à leur extension.
Prévenir le cancer par une alimentation saine.
Le cancer rappelle que la nutrition est un facteur clé dans la prévention de cette maladie chronique.
La vitamine D joue un rôle important en réduisant le risque de développement et de mortalité du cancer.
Les légumes crucifères comme le brocoli ou le chou contiennent du sulforaphane, une substance qui élimine les cellules cancéreuses.
Les fruits rouges et légumes blancs riches en vitamine C aident aussi à réduire les risques de développer un cancer.
Curcuma, gingembre, ail, thé vert, camomille, romarin, algues et soja sont d’excellents agents préventifs naturels.
Les super-aliments anti-cancer.
Le chocolat noir consommé avec modération est un puissant antioxydant, tout comme les carottes ou les champignons.
Les oléagineux riches en oméga 3 participent aussi à la prévention grâce à leur capacité à freiner l’inflammation.
Mais le roi des antioxydants, c’est bien le citron, puissant allié dans la lutte contre le cancer au quotidien. Un citron bio, râpé entier avec son écorce, apporte de puissants bienfaits à tous vos plats.
Les aliments à éviter absolument.
Pour prévenir le cancer, certains aliments doivent être strictement limités ou évités dans l’alimentation quotidienne. Les glucides raffinés, les aliments transformés, les produits fumés comme le saumon doivent être supprimés. La viande rouge, les produits laitiers, le sucre, les aliments frits et les cuissons à haute température sont à proscrire.
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