Depuis 1991, la ville de Paris en collaboration avec le ministère de la Culture et l’Association diocésaine de Paris ont créé, l’association Musique Sacrée de Notre-Dame de Paris. Depuis, la Cathédrale accueillait, chaque année, des concerts de musique sacrée. Cette année, la Cathédrale allait le faire du fin février jusqu‘au début du mois de juillet 2019, mais malheureusement, ce projet ne sera pas complètement réalisé à cause de l’incendie qui a ravagé la flèche et une partie des voûtes.
Une amie à moi, vivant à Paris, a eu la chance d’assister le mardi 2 avril à La Passion selon saint Matthieu, par Jean-Sébastien Bach et m’a raconté sa fascination de laquelle, je ne pouvais pas douter, car personnellement, je l’ai enviée ; depuis mon enfance, j’écoutais de la musique classique surtout Bach que mon père appréciait énormément.
Dans mon post actuel et en hommage à Notre-Dame de Paris, j’aimerai bien parler un peu de cette œuvre grandiose. Ainsi, et pour ceux qui ne savent pas c’est quoi La Passion, eh bien, c’est un chant sacré relatant l’histoire de la mort de Jésus.
De nombreuses passions ont été écrites dans l’histoire de la musique, mais les plus connues restent celles composées lors de la période baroque par Haendel (3 passions) et Bach (4 passions, dont seulement 2 nous sont parvenues intégralement). Jean-Sébastien Bach (1685 – 1750) a écrit une passion selon chaque évangile, mais seules celles d’après saint Matthieu et saint Jean nous sont véritablement parvenues ; la passion selon saint Luc aurait été faussement attribuée à Bach, tandis que la passion selon saint Marc, jouée de nos jours, serait bien de Bach mais seul un mouvement aurait vraiment survécu au temps, le reste ayant été ajouté ou arrangé.
Ce récit est divisé en plusieurs mouvements : les grands chœurs qui introduisent et clôturent le drame, les chorals chantés par l’ensemble des choristes et qui symbolisent les pensées des croyants, les airs chantés par les différents personnages lors des tournants du récit ; ils ont pour rôle de décrire les émotions des protagonistes du drame et les chœurs “spontanés” qui symbolisent les réactions de la foule (les soldats, le peuple juif) et se caractérisent par leur spontanéité et sont souvent très courts.
Ces mouvements s’articulent autour de six épisodes ; l’épisode du parfum (10 min presque), La Cène (20 min), la veillée et l’arrestation au mont des Oliviers (35 min), l’interrogatoire de Jésus et le reniement de saint Pierre (45 min), la condamnation (60min) et enfin la crucifixion (plus d’une heure). Revenons à La Passion selon saint Matthieu, cette pièce musicale aurait été composée entre 1727 et 1729 et aurait été créée à l’occasion du Vendredi Saint le 15 avril 1729, elle porte une émotion qui ne fut pas appréciée par le public austère de l’église saint Thomas de Leipzig où Bach officia de 1723 à sa mort en 1750. L’œuvre sera oubliée durant 100 ans jusqu’en 1829 où elle sera joué avec un grand succès par Félix Mendelssohn à Berlin. C’est une œuvre monumentale qui dure presque 2h45, chantée sous forme d’une psalmodie par un ténor ; saint Matthieu.
Ce récit est divisé en plusieurs mouvements : les grands chœurs qui introduisent et clôturent le drame, les chorals chantés par l’ensemble des choristes et qui symbolisent les pensées des croyants, les airs chantés par les différents personnages lors des tournants du récit ; ils ont pour rôle de décrire les émotions des protagonistes du drame et les chœurs “spontanés” qui symbolisent les réactions de la foule ; les soldats, le peuple juif et se caractérisent par leur spontanéité et sont souvent très courts.
Ces mouvements s’articulent autour de six épisodes ; l’épisode du parfum (10 min presque), La Cène (20 min), la veillée et l’arrestation au mont des Oliviers (35 min), l’interrogatoire de Jésus et le reniement de saint Pierre (45 min), la condamnation (60min) et enfin la crucifixion (plus d’une heure).
Lisant et relisant mon article, je me demande s’il y aurait quelqu’un de nos jours qui lirait un texte sur la musique classique, surtout dans mon pays où très peu l’estime. N’empêche, je continuerai à en parler et je suis sûre que je finirai par avoir des oreilles à l’écoute.
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